Abstract: The rapid advancement of intelligent technologies is propelling human society into the era of artificial intelligence (AI), simultaneously driving profound transformations in physical education learning. Against the backdrop of pushing educational digitalization and empowering the development of a learning society, this study explores physical education learning in the age of AI. The research indicates that the defining characteristics of physical education learning in the AI era are manifested in several dimensions: the acquisition of physical education knowledge shifts from abstract instruction to immersive comprehension; the development of motor skills transitions from experiential judgement to intelligent correction; the internalisation of emotional experiences evolves from limited perception to affective computing; and the cultivation of learning habits moves from the reliance on willpower to environmental guidance. On the other hand, however, technology possesses duality, potentially with such practical challenges as subject obscurity, technological limitations, functional alienation and ethical risks in physical education learning of the AI era. Therefore, it is proposed to reshape values to foster human-machine collaboration in physical education learning, innovate technologies to develop specialised models for AI-era physical education learning, reconstruct ecosystems to strengthen humanistic care and implement supervision to safeguard legitimate rights and interests in AI-era physical education learning.