Changes of the Three Major Concepts in the Development of Competitive Sports in China During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period

The 15th Five-Year Plan period is a key stage for the reform of competitive sports in China. This study believes that it is necessary to break the shackles of old concepts in order to achieve the goal of "reforming and improving the management system and operation mechanism of competitive sports" during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. The concept of objectives needs to gradually shift from external incentives to internal value-driven motivations and expanding the focus from short-term performance to long-term talent development and cultural construction, achieving a systematic transition from "gold medal" to "diverse and comprehensive development". And, the concept of success and failure needs to shift from a singular focus on medals to a focus on processes and self-fulfillment, reshaping the understanding from "winner takes all" to "tolerance of failure", ultimately pointing towards the free and comprehensive development of individuals. Finally, the concept of training needs to shift from the "experience-based hard training" paradigm that emphasizes training time to the "technology-driven intelligent training" paradigm that pursues training effectiveness and the overall development of athletes, establishing a modern governance system for competitive sports that integrates performance enhancement with cultural care at the institutional level.