Effects of Training with Different Loads on the Respiratory Chain in Mitochondria of Liver and Skeletal Muscle in Rats

  Objective  It is to investigate the effects of training with different loads on the respiratory chain in mitochondria of liver and skeletal muscles in rats.

  Methods  Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=10):control(C), low load training(LT), medium load training(MT), high load training(HT), super high load training (ST) groups.The training groups received 8-week treadmill training. After training, all the groups were sacrificed to obtain liver and skeletal muscle samples; liver and skeletal muscle mitochondria were extracted by different centrifugation.The activities of respiratory chain enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ(CⅠ-CⅣ) in the liver and skeletal muscle mitochondria were evaluated.

  Results  ① The respiratory chain enzyme activity of liver:compared with the C group, the CI activity of the LT and the HT groups significantly increased (P < 0.01) while the ST group was significantly decreased(P < 0.05);the CⅡ activity of the LT and the ST groups significantly decreased(P < 0.01).The CⅢ activity of the MT group significantly increased, while the HT group significantly decreased(P < 0.05).And the CⅣ activity of the MT and HT groups signifcanlty decreased(P < 0.05).②The respiratory chain enzyme activity of skeletal muscles:compared with C group, the CⅠ activity of the ST group was significantly increased(P < 0.01) while the LT and the MT groups were significantly decreased(P < 0.05, P < 0.01).The CⅡ activity of the ST group was significantly increased(P < 0.01) while the MT group significantly decreased(P < 0.05), The CⅢ activity of the ST group was significantly increased while the LT group was significantly decreased(P < 0.01).The CⅣ activity of the ST group was significantly increased(P < 0.05) while the LT and the MT groups were significantly decreased(P < 0.01).

  Conclusion  There exist organizational difference of the effects of sports training on mitochondrial energy metabolism.The low, medium, high, and super high load sports training had a low effect in improving liver mitochondrial energy metabolism, but the super high load sports training was the best in improving skeletal muscle mitochondrial energy metabolism.