Physical Exercise: The Time Clue that Mediates the Molecular Clock of Skeletal Muscle Circadian Rhythm

Related literature was reviewed to find how exercise induced the expression of skeletal muscle clock genes and the importance of exercise as synchronous stimulation of skeletal muscle circadian rhythm. It is found that physical exercise can mediate skeletal muscle circadian clock, and also influence its range and phase. The motion capability of skeletal muscle will also be affected by the vibration interruption of circadian clock. Clock gene has the function of myogenesis, transcription and metabolism. The potential time-serving pathways of physical exercise mediating skeletal muscle circadian clock are shown in the indirect mediation of central clock, the directly-driven skeletal muscle contraction, induction of cell factors, and the regulation of emergency hormone, etc. Physical exercise mediating skeletal muscle circadian clock can help improve the skeletal muscle atrophy, sleep barrier, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. It is suggested that physical exercise can reset the clock in the skeletal muscle's circadian system. Furthermore, the individualized timing physical exercise can be used as an effective prescription of preventing disorders; in the meanwhile, the synchronization of physical exercise & nutrition intervention and molecular clock will put the improvement of overall health to the best use.