Mechanism of Exercise Regulating Ability and Lifespan of High-Salt Diet Drosophila: Based on Salt and Foxo Genes Overexpression

  Objective  To study the influence of endurance exercise on the exercise ability and lifespan of high-salt-diet Drosophila, as well as to explove its mechanism.

  Methods  Male w¹¹¹⁸, salt-upstream active sequence(UAS)-overexpression and transcription factor of the foxhead box class O(Foxo)-UAS-overexpression Drosophila were hybridized with female arm-Gal4, respectively.F1 generation arm-Gal4>w¹¹¹⁸, Salt overexpression group and Foxo overexpression group were collected and divided into control(C) group, high-salt diet (HSD) group, exercise (E) group, high-salt diet+exercise (HSD+E) group, Salt group, Salt+E group, Foxo group and Foxo+HSD group. A total of 8 groups, 350 Drosophila in each group, were given exercise and high-salt intervention on the second day of age, and all indicators were tested at the end of the second week of age.

  Results  The rapid climbing ability, survival rate, level of SOD activity, and messenger Ribose Nucleic Acid(mRNA) expression of Foxo gene of Drosophila in HSD+E group were significantly higher than those in HSD group (P < 0.05), while MDA and ROS levels and Salt mRNA expression in HSD+E group were significantly lower than those in HSD group (P < 0.05). The rapid climbing ability, survival rate, SOD activity and Foxo mRNA expression in Salt+E group were significantly higher than those in Salt group (P < 0.05), while MDA and ROS levels in Salt+E group were significantly lower than those in Salt group (P < 0.01). The rapid climbing ability, survival rate, SOD activity and mRNA expression of Foxo gene of Drosophila in Foxo+HSD group were significantly higher than those in HSD group (P < 0.01), while MDA and ROS levels and Salt mRNA expression of Drosophila in Foxo+HSD group were significantly lower than those in HSD group (P < 0.05).

  Conclusions  The increase of Foxo/SOD pathway activity and the down-regulation of Salt gene are the important molecular mechanisms of endurance exercise to enhance the exercise ability and prolong the life span of high-salt diet Drosophila. Endurance exercise can save exercise ability and life loss induced by overexpression of Salt gene in Drosophila by increasing Foxo/SOD pathway activity.