Objective Based on the task of auditory cognitive processing for 100 m sprint elites, the characteristics of the event-related potential (ERP) of the auditory cognitive automatic processing of elite athletes were investigated, and the differences of cerebral cortex activity between elite athletes and novice athletes were analyzed.
Methods The ERP technology and perceptual-cognitive paradigm were used to collect the ERP characteristics of the three-stage auditory signal detection at the start of 100 m.
Results ① The amplitudes of P2, P3 and N1 in the elite group were significantly lower than those in the novice group on the stage of "On Your Marks" and "Set" stage. ② On the "Go" stage, P2 amplitude of elite group was significantly higher than that of novice group. ③ In the elite group, fronto-parietal network activity decreased significantly on the secondary stimulus stage (each on the stage of "On Your Marks" and "Set"), but increased significantly on the "Go" stage.
Conclusions ① The auditory cognitive automatic processing of elite athletes shows unconsciousness, consuming little or no conscious resources, while the novice athletes consume more resources. ② The results support the gradual view in the current automatic processing theory, that is, there is no absolute automatic stage, and controlled processing also participates on the start-up stage of automatic processing. Elite athletes will switch between controlled processing and automatic processing based on the difference of cognitive tasks. ③ There are also "hemisphere-specific priming" characteristics in the automatic processing of elite athletes. The left hemisphere has inhibited and decreased the linguistic control activities which are related to consciousness, while the right hemisphere has significantly enhanced which are related to the motor skills.
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