Jurisprudential Analysis and Institutional Construction of E-Sports Officiating Fairness

In order to guarantee a good environment for e-sports competitions, a corrective mechanism for the officiating fairness should be concerned with the competition rules, referee system and appeal system, involving 3 time points of "before-during-after" a competition, based on the "rule-subject-procedure" triple jurisprudence. In such way a rigorous and solid three-dimensional system can be formed. By refining the bases of officiating, the extension of the competition rules can deal with special circumstances which arise during a competition, while the compliance with precedents and benchmarks can reduce the arbitrariness of officiating. Through selection, training, inspection, recusal and discipline, the typology of referee system could cope with issues concerning officiating ability and moral quality. The effectiveness of the appeal system, on the other hand, is for appeal and relief of competitors, based on the initiative of the referee/organiser, to guarantee that disputes can be solved impartially.