Effects and Mechanism of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation on Improving Human Motor Ability from the Neurobiomechanical Perspective

Based on the latest research progress both domestically and internationally, this paper focuses on non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, particularly non-invasive deep brain stimulation—temporal interference brain stimulation (TIs) and explores its impact on enhancing human motor ability and related neural mechanisms. The article provides a detailed analysis of the mechanism of the action of TIs technology, including its precise modulation of deep brain regions to enhance motor cortex excitability, promote motor learning and skill optimization, and improve lower limb explosive power. Additionally, it discusses the potential regulatory effects of TIs on cognitive function and its application and prospects in the treatment of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, highlighting its unique advantages of non-invasiveness, deep brain region targeting, and adjustable location and parameters for brain stimulation. Furthermore, a new technique is introduced in the end, that is, the brain-muscle interaction neuropriming technique integrates noninvasive brain stimulation techniques with muscle electrical stimulation techniques, optimizing the motor control and execution systems by synchronously regulating the functional networks of the brain and muscles to enhance motor ability. Future research should focus on the multidisciplinary collaboration to promote technology application expansion, intelligent integration, and the development of new quality productive forces in sports technology, in order to fully unleash the potential of non-invasive brain stimulation technology in enhancing motor performance, improving cognitive functions, and treating movement disorders.