社会认知理论视角下青少年体力活动影响因素分析

刘建秀; 尚博睿; 尹懿; 杨明; 曾牧川; 张曜; 马新东

doi:10.16099/j.sus.2020.05.008

社会认知理论视角下青少年体力活动影响因素分析

Analysis of the Influence Factors of Adolescents' Physical Activity Based on the Perspective of Social Cognitive Theory

摘要

摘要:
目的以社会认知理论(social cognitive theory，SCT)模型为视角，对青少年体力活动影响因素的文献进行系统性综述和元分析。
方法检索国内外数据库，纳入符合要求的18篇文献，采用Stata 15.0软件合并效应量并进行亚组分析。
结果 ① SCT模型总体能中等程度预测体力活动(R²=17%，P < 0.01，z=7.59)；②对包含自我效能、障碍自我效能、社会支持和社会状态因素在内的文献进行的元分析结果显示，这些因素与体力活动显著相关(N≥ 75%)；③受不同地域、性别和统计方法的影响，研究结果间存在异质性。
结论 SCT模型能中等程度预测青少年体力活动；自我效能、障碍自我效能、社会支持、社会状态是预测体力活动的关键指标；受不同地域、性别和文化环境等因素的影响，SCT模型对青少年体力活动的预测结果不同。

Abstract:
Objective The researches on the influencing factors of adolescents' physical activity were summarized using the method of meta-analysis systematically from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT).
Methods Literature review was conducted from different databases and 18 documents were introduced; meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were used by Stata 15.0.
Results ① SCT model can explain the behavior of physical activity to a moderate extent(R²=17%, P < 0.01, z=7.2);②The results of literature which included the factors of barrier self-efficacy, social support and social status showed that these factors correlated with physical activity significantly; ③There exists heterogeneity between studies influenced by different geographic, gender, and statistical methods.
Methods SCT model can predict physical activity of adolescents moderately; selfefficacy, barrier self-efficacy, social support, and social status are the key variables to predict physical activity; the predict of SCT model to adolescents'physical activity are different in terms of the region, gender and cultural environment of different countries.

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