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传统武术打之功能实现的途径、利弊及展望

Channel, Pros and Cons, and Prospect of the Success of the Combative Function in Chinese Traditional Wushu

  • 摘要: 运用文献资料法、专家访谈法等研究方法,对传统武术打之功能的实现途径进行研究。认为:与其他现代格斗对抗性项目在训练中严格贯彻"实践出真知"的理念不同,特殊的历史条件和发展轨迹令传统武术主要通过提高习练者体能的间接方式实现其打之功能,这也导致其发展相对滞后。进一步分析传统武术独特的打之功能实现途径,发现利弊兼有。利体现为:①使其得以超越同类而成就一个庞大的技术体系;②使其得以成就技→艺→道的目标升华,从而超越其他许多武技项目在习练者身上普遍存在的青春局限,成为一项可以终身习练的活动;③使其成为寄寓文化内涵、展示中华优秀传统文化的载体。弊体现为:①由非直接性特点导致打之功能相对低下,使传统武术在普遍以效率为评价尺度的当代社会,特别是在青壮年人群中丧失市场;②为一些人对传统武术之打的故弄玄虚滋生了空间,影响传统武术的形象。提出:传统武术在凸显功能多元化的同时,应重视打之功能的当代开发,立足训练学视域,通过转变思想观念、改革训练方法、开发训练手段,使其打的训练回归"实践出真知"的轨道,获得与其他格斗类项目进行交流、对抗的原生动力。

     

    Abstract: With the methods of literature review and expert interview, the realization ways of function in the combat of tradtional Wushu are explored.① It is held that different from the other modern combative events which follows the princilpe of "practice yields true knowledge" strictly, the special historical condition and development makes the traditional Wushu's combative function can only be completed by improving practitioners' stamina, which led to its comparatively slower development. ②There are both pros and cons in the channels to achieve the combative function in the traditional Wushu.It surpasses its many similar types thus to become a huge technique system.It also pushes Wushu to reach the goal promotion of "technique-art-ethic", breaking the age limit which largely exists in the other combative events, makeing traditional wushu a life-long exercise for practitioners.③Wushu acquires a powerful platform to carry the cultural connatation and to present excellent Chinese traditional culture. On the other hand, however, the non-direct element makes the low efficicency of the combative function in Wushu, which causes traditional Wushu to lose its market in the efficiency-judged contemporary society, especially among the young people. Also, it provides the space for someone to bluff people, thus to affect the image of traditional Wushu.Therefore, the study proposes that the combative function in Wushu should be stressed when speaking of the multiile function features in Wushu.The training targeting at the compbat in Wushu should return the channel of "Practice yielding true knowledge" by transforming the ideology, improving the training method, and exploiting the training mean.By so doing the "native" power can be got to communicate and compete with the other combative events.

     

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