Abstract: Started from the integration of sports and education, the theoretical and practical basis of sports are summarized to promote learning efficiency, and the effective ways and methods are explored for the healthy development of the brain, the improvement of learning efficiency and the improvement of physical and mental health of children and adolescents in China.Based on the research of brain science, the significant effects of physical exercise are summarized on brain physiological mechanism (cellular and molecular level, brain structure and function level) and cognitive function (memory, perception-motor coordination, action anticipation and executive function).In terms of the dose of sports, in order to improve the efficiency of brain function through sports, children and adolescents need to accumulate at least 60 minutes per day, 20~30 minutes each time, and more than 3 days per week with moderate-high intensity.However, the relationship between different kinds of sports and exercise dose needs further study.The integration of sports and education is an effective means to promote the healthy development of children and adolescents' brain and learning efficiency. The integration of sports and education should carry out the physical education based on the theoretical mechanism and the principle of relationship between dose and exercise benefit, thus to better promote the improvement of healthy quality.