Abstract: Governance modernization has increasingly become a new demand for the physical health governance of adolescents in China. The basic logic and realistic dilemmas of the adolescents' physical health governance modernization are analyzed, and its innovative driving force and development direction of the logical transformation are proposed. It is believed that: the governance body and structure reshape are the logical prerequisites to promote the governance modernization of adolescents' physical health; the coupling of good governance and the modernization system of national governance provides its goal orientation; and the change from gradual improvement to overall construction is the key node of governance modernization. However, in reality, there are more "improvised" measures than institutional norms, which leads to the lack of legal guarantees for the governance system; the "risk control" governance approach leads to the inversion of the governance path; the lack of linkage and cooperation between the internal entities of the governance system reduces governance efficiency; and the current governance methods and means are difficult to adapt to the complex environment. It is proposed that: the legal process of adolescents' physical health governance should be promoted to establish the standard system for governance conduct; the concept of "active health" be led to create a global linkage governance system of "prevention and treatment"; emerging technologies such as blockchain and AI technology be integrated to implement "data-wisdom" governance project; and physical health governance evaluation system for adolescents be built to promote a virtuous circle of "appraisal to promote governance".