Abstract: Based on the literature review and archaeological objects on military sports, a study was condueted on the military training system in the Han Dynasty. Starting with monographs depicting "military techniques" in the Book of Han: Yiwen Records and Literature Chronicles, the relationships were analyzed between military sports and the war styles, armaments and military training in the Han Dynasty.Three aspects of "military techniques" are included: unarmed fighting, or physical training; armament utilization, or skill training; facility building, or military engineering.It is found that the characteristics and values of "military techniques" include the training methods by physical exercises like wrestling, Cuju kicking, kendo, bow shooting, crossbow shooting, mounted archery, while the skill training system is formed by the utilization of halberd, spear and hook shield.The Han Dynasty is thought to be the key reform stage for the war and military training in ancient China, for the chariolt-and-infantry-based army living in central China have to confront the shooting-on-horseback-based northern nomadic army, so it justified how military sports and training systems laid a solid foundation and provided an important guarantee for the Han Dynasty's ultimate victory over the Huns.