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西方媒体奥运报道的议程网络特征及北京冬奥会传播对策——基于近6届奥运会新闻报道的语义网络分析

Agenda Network Characteristics of Olympic Reports in Western Media and Communication Strategies for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games: Semantic Network Analysis Based on News Coverage of the Recent Six Olympic Games

  • 摘要: 运用语义网络分析方法,分析西方主要媒体在2008—2018年6届奥运会中所做报道的议程网络特征发现:西方媒体奥运报道在议题选择上并不只聚焦于赛事,往往更侧重于报道主办奥运会的“国家”及其政治、经济与社会情况。这一特征在针对非西方国家主办的奥运会时更为显著,西方媒体通常会采用相对更加复杂的报道议程组合,报道属性也呈现更强烈的政治指向性和价值倾向性。基于量化分析,对西方媒体奥运报道的叙事模式与实践路径进行归纳。综合政治传播和跨文化传播的视角提出北京冬奥会的对外传播对策:在战略上加快建设中国特色对外话语体系;在战术上主动参与话语竞争,提高跨文化传播能力;在视野上放眼人类发展,扩大共通意义空间;在路径上善用奥运报道体系,主动设置媒体议程;在格局上融入多元主体,对外开展“中国微传播”。

     

    Abstract: Through the discussion on the agenda network characteristics of news coverage in major Western media on the six Olympic Games from 2008 to 2018 with the method of semantic network analysis, it is found that Western media focused more on the host "states" and their political, economic and social situation than the issues surrounding the games, which is more prominent when the Olympic Game is hosted by non-western countries. Under such circumstances, Western media usually adopted a relatively complicated combination of reporting agendas and appeared a stronger political and value orientation in report attributes.By the quantitative analysis, the narrative patterns and practical routes of Olympic reports in Western media were summarized, and hereby the countermeasures for the international communication of the XXIV Winter Olympic Games were provided from the perspective of political communication and intercultural communication.In terms of strategy, the construction of an international discourse system should be advanced with Chinese characteristics to seize the ideological high ground; in terms of tactics, the discourse competition should be actively participated in and improve the ability of cross-cultural communication should be improved; in terms of mindset, the Chinese stories should be told from the human development perspectives so as to expand the "universal understanding" space in China-West dialogue; in terms of path, the agenda of media should be designed and set and the appeal of political communication into the Olympic Game related reports should be integrated; and in terms of pattern, the "Chinese micro-communication" should be carried out with multiple subjects of the international society through the Winter Olympic Games.

     

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