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范式转型与网络建构:关系管理视域下2022年北京冬奥会公关理念及实践探索

Paradigm Shift and Networking: Reconstruction of Public Relations Concept and Practice of Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games from the Perspective of Relationship Management

  • 摘要: 以关系管理为出发点,以2022年北京冬奥会为例,探讨在当前公关环境下大型体育赛事开展公关维护的实施重点,并关注不同关系主体在冬奥会开展过程中的关系建构差异,探讨奥运公关策略及理念转型方向。在理论分析的基础上,通过社会网络分析等研究方法,对自2010年以来的近6届奥运会中产生较广泛影响的危机公关事件进行梳理。以举办城市奥组委是否出面对相关危机公关事件进行回应为依据,通过数据筛选及人工整理,共识别出32件大型危机公关事件及其对应的29类关系主体。认为:2022年北京冬奥会的关系管理主体可分为3类:①以各级政府、内部工作人员以及赛事运营相关合作者为主的内部关系主体;②以运动员、品牌及市场合作方、媒体为主的合作关系主体;③以本地及外部公众为主的外部关系主体。关系维护和管理的策略包括接近、积极卷入、开放、确认、建立网络、共同任务6种。提出:应以关系网络的整体意识开展战略化关系管理,基于关系主体的潜能差异开展长效化关系管理,基于体育共同体、可持续发展理念建立整体关系网络。

     

    Abstract: Taking 2022 Beijing Olympic Winter Games as the example, the implementation focus of conducting public relation maintenance of mega sporting events are studied from the perspective of relationship management, its strategy and concept shift. Social network analysis has been adopted to interpret the major crisis management events during 6 Olympic games after 2010 social media emerges. Based on the response to crisis events in public relation from Olympic Committee of the hosting cities, through data screening and manual sorting 32 key crisis management events and 29 corresponding relationship subjects are identified. It holds that the relationship subjects of Beijing 2022 Olympics can be divided into 3 types.The first is the internal subjects among governments at all levels, internal working personnel and sporting event operators; the second is the external subjects among athletes, brand & market partners and media; the third is the external subjects based on local people and non-local people.Relationship maintenance and management strategies include access, positivity, openness, assurances, networking, sharing of tasks. The proposals are to develop strategic relationship management based on the wholeness concept of relationship network, to conduct the long term management based on the potential difference of relationship subjects, and to build an overall relationship network based on sport community and sustainable development.

     

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