Abstract: To promote the construction of sport disciplinary system with Chinese characteristics, its evolution process, historical achievements and realistic dilemma, including its content, feature and value is explored.It is indicated that problems are shown as less prominent Chinese characteristics in sport fundamental disciplines, indistinct in key disciplines, tardy construction in emerging disciplines, little attention in less popular disciplines, unclear orientation of sub-disciplines, and room for the improvement of social contribution. The sport discipline system with Chinese characteristics, therefore, should be the one rooted in Chinese sport practice with people-centeted, social-service-contribution-centered, and inheritance-innovation-centered.Constructing sport discipline system with Chinese characteristics is of great value in building a leading sports nation and healthy China, accelerating the modernization process of sport, and formulating sport academic and discourse system. Following the "May 17th" speech by General Secretary Xi Jinping and taking the leading sports nation strategy as the benchmark, the classification standards like sports practice and discipline property are adopted to construct a new framework of discipline system consisting of sport fundamental disciplines, sport key disciplines, emerging sport interdisciplines, and less popular sport disciplines, in which the main direction of each sub-discipline has been presented as well.