中文体育类核心期刊

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记忆的创造与表达:口述史与体育记忆的建构机制

Creation and Expression of Memory: The Construction Mechanism of Oral History and Sports Memory

  • 摘要: 在经验研究层面,口述史和民族志都是记忆研究的重要方法。使体育口述史研究摆脱"故事会"的困扰进而实现深层次的理论转向是目前需要努力的方向之一。口述史对体育记忆生成的作用体现于:①内隐记忆与外显记忆的耦合是体育文化记忆生成的内在机制;②体育口述史料是由体育交往记忆向体育文化记忆转变的重要线索和依据;③体育口述史是对体育社会记忆的形塑,同时也建构了与"集体表象"相对应的"自我感觉";④记忆与遗忘博弈下的口述叙事促进了体育记忆建构。口述史对体育记忆的创造表现为:①口述史料背后的意义和时间构成了体育记忆研究的文化社会学和历史社会学转向;②"小人物"的口述史为体育记忆研究提供了"回归人本"的思路;③运动员等体育精英的口述史促进了共同体建构,延伸了体育记忆研究视域;④代际"革命"与文化继替是体育记忆和体育口述史研究的未来向度。

     

    Abstract: At the level of empirical research, both oral history and ethnographic methods are important methods of memory research.It is one of the things that we need to do, that is, to make the study of oral history of sports get rid of the trouble of "story meeting", and then achieve a more profound theoretical turn. The generation of oral history and sports memory lies in the fact that the coupling of implicit memory and explicit memory is the internal mechanism of the generation of sports memory, that the oral history of sports is an important clue and basis for the transformation from sports communication memory to sports culture memory. In addition, the oral history of sports shapes the social memory of sports, and constructs the "self-perception" corresponding to the "collective representation", thus oral narrative in the "game" between memory and forgetting promotes the construction of sports memory.The "creation" of sports memory by oral history is shown as follows: ① The meaning and time behind oral history materials constitute the turn of cultural sociology and historical sociology in the study of sports memory; ② The oral history of ordinary people provides a "return to humanism" idea for the study of sports memory; ③ The oral history of athletes and other sports elites promotes the construction of community and extends sports memory research; ④ Inter-generational "revolution" and cultural succession are the future direction of sports memory and sports oral history research.

     

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