运动调控高盐膳食果蝇运动能力和生命周期的机制——基于Salt与Foxo基因过表达

文登台; 后文其; 郗增辉; 翟帅帅

doi:10.16099/j.sus.2021.10.006

运动调控高盐膳食果蝇运动能力和生命周期的机制——基于Salt与Foxo基因过表达

Mechanism of Exercise Regulating Ability and Lifespan of High-Salt Diet Drosophila: Based on Salt and Foxo Genes Overexpression

摘要

摘要:
目的研究耐力运动对高盐膳食果蝇运动能力和寿命的影响并分析其机制。
方法利用上游激活序列（UAS）/半乳糖调节上游启动子元件（Gal4）系统，将雄性野生型w¹¹¹⁸、盐（Salt）-UAS-过表达型、叉头转录因子O（Foxo）-UAS-过表达型果蝇分别与雌性arm-Gal4果蝇杂交，收集F1代羽化12 h内的arm-Gal4>w¹¹¹⁸、arm-Gal4>Salt-UAS-过表达、arm-Gal4>Foxo-UAS-过表达雄蝇，分为对照组、高盐组、运动组、高盐运动组、Salt组、Salt+运动组、Foxo组、Foxo+高盐组，共8组，每组350只果蝇。第2天龄开始进行运动和高盐干预，在2周龄末检测各指标。
结果高盐运动组果蝇的快速攀爬能力、存活率、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力水平、Foxo基因信使核糖核酸（messenger Ribose Nucleic Acid，mRNA）表达水平均高于高盐组（P < 0.05），丙二醛（MDA）水平、活性氧（ROS）水平和Salt基因mRNA表达水平均低于高盐组（P < 0.05）；Salt+运动组果蝇的快速攀爬能力、存活率、SOD活力水平、Foxo基因mRNA表达水平均高于Salt组（P < 0.05），MDA水平、ROS水平均低于Salt组（P < 0.01）；Foxo+高盐组果蝇的快速攀爬能力、存活率、SOD活力水平、Foxo基因mRNA表达水平均高于高盐组（P < 0.01），MDA水平、ROS水平、Salt基因mRNA表达水平均低于高盐组（P < 0.05）。
结论 Foxo/SOD通路活性增强和Salt基因表达下调是耐力运动后高盐膳食果蝇运动能力增强和寿命延长的重要分子机制；耐力运动能通过提高Foxo/SOD通路活性减缓Salt基因过表达诱发的果蝇运动能力下降和寿命衰减。

Abstract:
Objective To study the influence of endurance exercise on the exercise ability and lifespan of high-salt-diet Drosophila, as well as to explove its mechanism.
Methods Male w¹¹¹⁸, salt-upstream active sequence(UAS)-overexpression and transcription factor of the foxhead box class O(Foxo)-UAS-overexpression Drosophila were hybridized with female arm-Gal4, respectively.F1 generation arm-Gal4>w¹¹¹⁸, Salt overexpression group and Foxo overexpression group were collected and divided into control(C) group, high-salt diet (HSD) group, exercise (E) group, high-salt diet+exercise (HSD+E) group, Salt group, Salt+E group, Foxo group and Foxo+HSD group. A total of 8 groups, 350 Drosophila in each group, were given exercise and high-salt intervention on the second day of age, and all indicators were tested at the end of the second week of age.
Results The rapid climbing ability, survival rate, level of SOD activity, and messenger Ribose Nucleic Acid(mRNA) expression of Foxo gene of Drosophila in HSD+E group were significantly higher than those in HSD group (P < 0.05), while MDA and ROS levels and Salt mRNA expression in HSD+E group were significantly lower than those in HSD group (P < 0.05). The rapid climbing ability, survival rate, SOD activity and Foxo mRNA expression in Salt+E group were significantly higher than those in Salt group (P < 0.05), while MDA and ROS levels in Salt+E group were significantly lower than those in Salt group (P < 0.01). The rapid climbing ability, survival rate, SOD activity and mRNA expression of Foxo gene of Drosophila in Foxo+HSD group were significantly higher than those in HSD group (P < 0.01), while MDA and ROS levels and Salt mRNA expression of Drosophila in Foxo+HSD group were significantly lower than those in HSD group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The increase of Foxo/SOD pathway activity and the down-regulation of Salt gene are the important molecular mechanisms of endurance exercise to enhance the exercise ability and prolong the life span of high-salt diet Drosophila. Endurance exercise can save exercise ability and life loss induced by overexpression of Salt gene in Drosophila by increasing Foxo/SOD pathway activity.

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