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大学生身体活动水平与抑郁症状的关系基于静息脑电的作用路径分析

Relationship Between Physical Activity Level and Depressive Symptoms in College Students: A Pathway Analysis Based on EEG

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 基于静息脑电（EEG）分析大学生身体活动水平与抑郁症状的关系，探寻身体活动对抑郁症状的潜在作用路径。
    方法 随机招募239名大学生填写《抑郁自评量表》《国际身体活动问卷短卷》，采集5 min EEG信号。
    结果 大学生身体活动水平为1109（509，2232） MET-min/周，抑郁评分为47.401±10.562，二者显著负相关（r=−0.189，P=0.003）；中央区、顶区delta功率值，眶额、前额theta功率值与前额alpha1右侧化对抑郁评分具有19.89%的解释力（ R2=0.199，P<0.001）；顶区、颞区delta功率值，顶区beta1功率值和前额alpha1右侧化与身体活动水平及抑郁评分均显著相关（P<0.05），且相关方向相反；身体活动水平对抑郁评分具有65.37%的直接效应（B=−0.123，95% CI: −0.260～0.016），顶区delta功率值介导16.56%的中介效应（B=−0.031，95% CI: −0.073～−0.005），前额alpha1右侧化介导18.07%的中介效应（B=−0.034，95% CI: −0.072～−0.010）。
    结论 识别抑郁倾向大学生需重点关注中央区、顶区delta功率值的上升和额区theta功率值、前额alpha1右侧化的下降，这可能与其睡眠节律紊乱、情绪调节能力不足及压力感知过大有关；随着身体活动水平增加，其抑郁评分呈下降趋势，顶区delta功率值下降和前额alpha1右侧化上升可能是体育锻炼改善抑郁症状的作用路径，与体育锻炼改善睡眠节律、增强情绪调节能力有关。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To analyze the relationship between physical activity level, resting electroencephalography (EEG) and depressive symptoms in college students, and to explore the potential roles of physical activity (PA) on depressive symptoms.
    Methods 239 college students were randomly recruited to fill in the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). EEG signals were collected for 5 minutes.
    Results PA level of college students was 1109 (509, 2232) MET-min/week, and the depression score was 47.401±10.562. There was a significant negative correlation between the PA and SDS score (r=−0.189, P=0.003). The delta power value of central region and parietal region, theta power value of orbitofrontal and frontal region and right-sided alpha1 of forehead had 19.89% explanation for SDS score (R2=0.199, P<0.001). The delta power value of parietal region and temporal region, beta1 power value of parietal region and right-sided alpha1 of forehead were significantly correlated with PA and SDS score (P<0.05), and the correlation direction was opposite. The direct effect of PA on SDS score was 65.37% (B=−0.123, 95% CI: − 0.260-0.016), the delta power value of the top region mediated 16.56% of the mediation effect (B=−0.031, 95% CI: −0.073-−0.005), and right-sided alpha1 in the forehead mediated 18.07% of the mediating effect (B=−0.034, 95% CI: −0.072-−0.010).
    Conclusion To identify the depressive tendency of college students, more attention should be paid to the increase of delta power in central region and parietal region and the decrease of theta power in frontal region and right-sided alpha1 in frontal region, which may be related to sleep rhythm disorder, insufficient emotion regulation ability and excessive stress perception. The decreased delta power value of the parietal region and the increased right-sided degree of frontal alpha1 may be the action path of physical exercise to improve depressive symptoms. It may be related to physical exercise’s improving sleep rhythm and enhancing emotional regulation ability.

     

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