Abstract: Research methods of literature and case analysis were adopted to construct the governance structure of public sports services in smart communities from the perspective of complex adaptive system (CAS) theory, based on the practice of Jiaxing "Sportsman" intelligent sports community. The structural characteristics and operation mechanism were analyzed and optimization strategies were hence put forward. It is believed that a pluralistic system including the service supply and demand body, policy and institutional system, community environment system and social environment system has formed the governance structure of public sports services in smart communities, characteristic of aggregation, diversity, "flow" and non-linearity. Its operating mechanism consists of an internal self-adaptive mechanism with a "stimulus-response" model and an external interactive mechanism with an "echo" model. On this basis, strategies are put forward as follows: innovate the method of "building blocks", optimize institutional design, broaden the channels of resource flow, integrate governance resources, establish a new "logo" for innovative leadership, gather the consensus of main bodies, attach importance to the "non-linear" relationship between them, and create a synergistic governance environment.