Abstract: With the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, the study selected the female researchers who published papers in Sport Science 2000-2015 to explore their research output and the influential factors.The findings show that their outputs were all significantly lower than that of male researchers whether in different ages or academic titles.And the academic interest, potentials and goals are the major factors to influence their research output.The study proposed that modernized gender differentiation and science-technology policy reform should be conducted; gender consciousness and self-governance system for universities and colleges should be established; social platform should be built to promote the communication environment for female researchers, thus to decrease the issues caused by gender difference.