Abstract: This study conducted the analysis by making use of the data of "China Student Physique and Health Research Report" from 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014, as well as the provincial education expenditure and per capita GDP data in various regions of our country.Employing the classical regression model, it explored the relationship between students' physical fitness, economics growth and public education expenditure.The study shows that the government's public education expenditure can make up for the lack of health level of students in the economically backward areas; and the relatively high level of expenditure on public education will significantly improve the student's physical fitness.Thirdly, the level of government public education expenditure and the general borrowing constraints of the current Chinese residents fail to make the low-income disadvantaged groups the biggest beneficiaries of the public policy.