Abstract: There have been disputes on "Participation in sports association is beneficial to collective social capital" and "Participation in sports association does not have an impact on collective social capital" in academic circles.Concerning the domestic situation, the exercise method is used as a substitute for participation in sports associations to explore the mechanism between exercise method and collective social capital of urban residents with the finite mixture model.It is found that the mechanism between the above two is heterogeneous. Only in urban residents with higher levels of collective social capital does participation in joint exercises have a positive impact on collective social capital.