Abstract: Visual training has a certain effect on preventing and controlling the visual impairment of children and adolescents. However, visual training has just started in China, and the research on its methods and applications is relatively few. By using the methods of literature review and others, the methods of visual training is explored for preventing and controlling children's and adolescents' visual impairment, as well as its application and popularization. It is believed that the structure of visual training can be optimized from the perspective of the theories of the combination of sport and medicine. Visual training relieves fatigue, paralysis and stiffness of eye muscles through eye health preparation activities and the coordinated training of ciliary muscles and the part of eye muscles, and increases the strength, speed, endurance and sensitivity of eye muscles, so as to prevent visual impairment, avoid visual fatigue and even eye diseases, and improve visual function, and ultimately achieve the purpose of enhancing the "constitution" of eyes. Commonly used visual training includes depressant training, regulation training, collective function training, fusion function training, red light flicker training and so on. On this basis, the problems and development direction of the application of visual training methods are put forward.