Abstract: The Adolescent Sports Culture Environment Questionnaire was designed to explore the effect of sport cultural stratification on adolescent moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), then 1 561 Chinese adolescents were recruited to complete the questionnaire and accelerometer tracking. The results showed that ①there are significant differences of MVPA in both genders and urban-suburbans on weekdays or weekends(P < 0.05), with a higher value for boys than for girls, urbans higher than suburbans; no significant differences of gender or urban-suburb were found in school sport culture and social sport culture(P>0.05). The gender difference of family sport culture was not significant(P>0.05), though a significant difference between urbansuburbans was found with a higher value in urbans(P < 0.01). ②The urban adolescent MVPA could be predicted through social sport culture directly, or through the chain mediating effects of school sport culture and family sport culture; while social sport culture could predict the suburban adolescent MVPA directly, but it could do so only through the mediating effects of school sport culture. The mechanism of sport cultural stratification influencing adolescents'physical activity was explained to some extent. It suggests that family sports culture may be an important factor in the urban-suburban difference of adolescent physical activity.