Abstract: Cachexia is a complex multifactorial syndrome accompanied by progressive weight loss and muscle loss, and mainly characterized by energy loss, inflammation and muscle mass loss.A review of the research on the mechanism of mitochondrial-mediated skeletal muscle remodeling in exercise against cancer cachexia finds that exercise can rejuvenate mitochondria by PGC-1α, IL-6 and ubiquitin-proteasome system, and remodel skeletal muscle by up-regulation of mitochondrial biosynthesis and mitochondrial fusion, as well as suppression of mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, and then resist cancer cachexia progression through inhibiting energy loss, inflammation and muscle wasting.