Abstract: Under the background of the modernization of the industry chain, a good governance structure and operation mechanism of the sports industry chain will help to improve its control and governance ability, and to achieve the goal of the modernization of the sports industry chain and the high-quality development of the sports industry during the "14th Five-Year Plan". The governance logic of the modernization of the sports industry chain, the governance elements, the difficulties and the solutions is systematically explained . It holds that the governance elements consist of the internal and external entities like government, enterprises, social organizations and other multiple governance bodies, plus the economic network governance mechanisms of market, contract, authority, in addition to the social network governance mechanisms including reputation, trust, culture, etc. combined. At present, the following problems exist in the governance of sports industry chain in China: shallow thinking and governance culture, shortage of external governance main body, unclear responsibilities and rights between government and society, coarse policy governance content, lack of core enterprises and leading enterprises regarding the internal governance main body, poor heterogeneity of enterprises, and the imperfect overall governance mechanism, and so on. The following suggestions are included as follows: to publicize governance culture by strengthening the thinking of industrial chain construction, balance governance structure through clear division of responsibilities and rights and the improved policy mechanisms, guide the heterogeneous development of enterprises to construct a symbiotic ecosystem of enterprises, improve formal governance mechanism and cultivate informal governance culture soil.