Abstract: Exercise Preconditioning(EP) is a form to induce endogenous protective effects in the body through exercise and plays an important role in cardiovascular protection.With the development of cardiac rehabilitation in recent years, cardiac rehabilitation and treatment strategies represented by EP have gained increasing attention. In this paper, using the literature review method, the classical EP concept is proposed, and further divided into induction period of EP and protection period of EP, which is conducive to the selection of the appropriate time period for cardiac rehabilitation in clinical practice and the reduction of exercise risk in cardiac rehabilitation programs.Meanwhile, the relationship between preconditioning and cardio-protective effects, the characteristics of the cardio-protective effects of EP and the relationship between EP and cardiac rehabilitation were explored, which showed that EP can improve the cardiovascular health of normal population, effectively reduce the recurrence rate of cardiovascular disease in patients, and have significant effects in the prevention and treatment of cardiac rehabilitation. It is suggested that EP induces endogenous cardio-protective effects through exercise, which can be used as a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiac rehabilitation.