Abstract: The punishment for illegal behaviors of doping is an important milestone in China's anti-doping work. An in-depth analysis of the "punishment" policy agenda of doping is not only an important explanation of how the "punishment" of doping has become a national action, but also a realistic need to promote the effective implementation of the "punishment" policy of doping. Since the multiple streams theory has a strong explanatory power for the analysis of policy agenda, the influencing factors, problem logic and evolution process of the agenda setting of the policy agenda of "punishment for doping" in China are tried to explore from reverse thinking. It is found that: the problem streams are the construction and statement of the policy necessity of "punishment for doping" in China; the policy community provides the "policy primeval soup" to form the policy streams; the political streams constituted by the society, government and the will of the Party is the key influencing factor; and the policies and regulations of other countries to regulate doping illegal behaviors can provide useful references for the punishment of doping illegal behaviors in China. The initiation and implementation of the policy agenda of "punishment for doping" promotes not only the improvement of our country's anti-doping legal system, but also the perfection of the anti-doping organization system, which has an important impact on curbing the abuse of doping and has formed a good policy effect.