Abstract: The big data knowledge representation of high school students' physical literacy is solved, an intelligent guidance system is constructed for physical literacy improvement that integrates multi-source data collection, intelligent classification, personalized guidance, feedback and optimization, and the closed loop of scientific guidance for high school students is realized. The practical application shows that this system realizes the smart classification of students, pushes and optimizes personalized sports guidance program, and monitors real-time exercise status. It is proved that the system effectively improves high school students with weak physical literacy in the physical fitness, sports skills and sports behavior, providing a new solution to high school students' physical literacy improvement.