中文体育类核心期刊

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专家组 .“元宇宙与体育的未来” 笔谈[J].上海体育学院学报,2022,46(5):1-18. DOI: 10.16099/j.sus.2022.03.31.0006
引用本文: 专家组 .“元宇宙与体育的未来” 笔谈[J].上海体育学院学报,2022,46(5):1-18. DOI: 10.16099/j.sus.2022.03.31.0006
Expert Group. Academic Conversations on "Metaverse and the Future of Sports"[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Sport, 2022, 46(5): 1-18. DOI: 10.16099/j.sus.2022.03.31.0006
Citation: Expert Group. Academic Conversations on "Metaverse and the Future of Sports"[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Sport, 2022, 46(5): 1-18. DOI: 10.16099/j.sus.2022.03.31.0006

“元宇宙与体育的未来” 笔谈

Academic Conversations on "Metaverse and the Future of Sports"

  • 摘要: 在元宇宙实践与理论探索日渐兴起,新技术不断加持体育发展的现实背景下,需要从多学科视角解构元宇宙与体育发展的关系。为此,本刊邀约不同学科的8名专家聚焦“元宇宙与体育的未来”这一主题展开学术讨论。江苏省体育科学研究所程志理编审认为,从生活世界现实感的存在一旦进入运动场域,人们在游戏状态中获得了乐趣。身体在场的游戏是自在自为的,玩者在行,观者投入。人因游戏而始,文化因游戏而生,体育挣脱了社会建构的价值预设就回到了“情本体”,因此,在游戏创造人的意义上体育的未来指向了元宇宙,体育成了不死的文化场。温州大学易剑东教授认为,人类文明是人的体力和智力综合作用的结果。奥林匹克运动追求身体、精神和意志均衡发展并融为一体,是人类发展的理性逻辑。元宇宙通过人机交互、算力整合等建构新世界,塑造体育新场景,但不能取代人类强化、美化、优化身体能力的文明追求。上海体育学院路云亭教授认为,元宇宙是虚拟实体,具有脑科学、生物进化以及升级版大数据的元素,它是自然科学与契约精神相融合的产物,带有个体体验性和专利制度约束下的创造性。科学具有独立的裁决意义,当今世界并非所有族裔共同体都接纳了科学,人们所理解的科学更多的是科学主义。与体育相比,元宇宙与游戏的关系更为紧密。华东师范大学张震副教授认为,元宇宙产生的脱域(dis-embedding)与离身(dis-embodying)将彻底改变以身体作为本体论的体育。目前体育元宇宙化的路径主要有脑机融合、意识上传和体感模拟,不同的技术路径将可能走向“25号宇宙”“The Play的体育”“后人类身体运动”三种未来。中国社会科学院段伟文教授认为,随着作为下一代数字技术愿景的元宇宙的发展,不仅将为人类主体构建符合主观期待或意愿的世界,还将成为虚拟化身、数字人等泛主体的生成空间。具有“自己生命”的虚拟影响者应运而生,将对运动认知与体育教育带来颠覆性的改变,给体育传播带来全新的机遇和挑战。东南大学吕乃基教授认为,体育运动是一种难以言表的技能隐性知识,既继承于哺乳动物,关系到莫拉维克悖论,也在于后天的训练。大数据有助于提升技能隐性知识并使之显性化,元宇宙提供形形色色的场景,虚拟吃一堑,现实长一智,区块链架起教练员、运动员和技术人员之间的桥梁,贯穿于其间的是体育精神和工匠精神。复旦大学徐英瑾教授认为,体育比赛的公平性主要建立在比赛双方软硬件条件的彼此对等上。元宇宙设备的加入可能会破坏这种对等,因为对于元宇宙设备内在性能的检测很可能会超出传统体育比赛组织方的能力范围,由此造成比赛结果的不公平。浙江大学王俊教授认为,元宇宙的实现有赖于主体沉浸,包括身体感在内的对于主体所处身的生活世界的感受构成了这种主体经验的基础。元宇宙只是生活世界的延伸,如果认为元宇宙可以取代生活世界、脱离身体有限性,最终只会导致主体行动能力退化、交往能力弱化、身体和生命经验边缘化等消极后果。

     

    Abstract: In the context of the rising practice and theoretical exploration of metaverse and the continuous support of new technologies to the development of sports, it is necessary to deconstruct the relationship between metaverse and sports development from a multidisciplinary perspective. To this end, the journal invited 8 experts from different disciplines to focus on the theme of "Metaverse and the Future of Sports" for academic discussion. CHENG Zhili, editor of Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science, believes that once entering the sports field from the existence of the sense of reality of the living world, people get fun in the state of the game. The game in which the body is present is self-contained with the player online and the viewer engaged in. People start from games and culture is born from games while sports break free from the value premise of social construction and return to the "emotion ontology". Therefore, in the sense of games to create people, the future of sports directs into the metaverse, and sports have become an immortal cultural field. Professor YI Jiandong of Wenzhou University believes that human civilization is the result of the comprehensive action of human physical strength and intelligence. The pursuit of balanced development and integration of the body, spirit and will of the Olympic Movement is the rational logic of human development. The metauniverse constructs a new world through human-computer interaction and computing power integration to shape new sports scenes, but it can not replace the civilization pursuit of human beings to strengthen, beautify and optimize physical abilities. Professor LU Yunting of Shanghai University of Sport believes that the metaverse is a virtual entity with elements of brain science, biological evolution and upgraded big data, which is the product of the integration of natural science and the spirit of contract with individual experience and creativity under the constraints of the patent system. Science has independent adjudication significance, and not all ethnic communities in the world today have embraced science, and people understand science more as scientism. Compared to sports, the metaverse is more closely related to games. ZHANG Zhen, an associate professor of East China Normal University, believes that the dis-embedding and dis-embodying produced by the metaverse will completely change the sports that use the body as an ontology. At present, the path of sports metacosmization mainly includes brain-computer fusion, consciousness upload and somatosensory simulation, and different technical paths will likely move towards the three futures of "25th Universe", "The Play's Sports" and "Post-human Body Movement". Professor DUAN Weiwen of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences believes that with the development of metaverse as the vision of the next generation of digital technology, it will not only build a world that meets subjective expectations or wishes for human subjects, but also become the generation space of pan-subjects such as virtual avatars and digital people. Virtual influencers with "their own lives" have come into being, which will bring subversive changes to sports cognition and physical education, and bring new opportunities and challenges to sports communication. Professor LYU Naiji of Southeast University believes that sport is an indescribable skill implicit knowledge, inherited from mammals, related to the Moravik's paradox, also in the acquired training. Big data helps to enhance the implicit knowledge of skills and make it explicit. The metaverse provides a variety of scenes and reality learns from virtual world. Blockchain builds a bridge between coaches, athletes and technicians, running through the spirit of sportsmanship and craftsmanship. Professor XU Yingjin of Fudan University believes that the fairness of sports competitions is mainly established on the reciprocity of the software and hardware conditions of both sides of the competition. The addition of metaverse devices may undermine this equivalence, because the detection of the intrinsic performance of metaverse devices is likely to exceed the capabilities of traditional sports organizers, resulting in unfair results. Professor WANG Jun of Zhejiang University believes that the realization of the metaverse depends on the immersion of the subject, and the feeling of the living world in which the subject is located, including the sense of body, constitutes the basis of this subject experience. The metaverse is only an extension of the living world, and if it is believed that the metaverse can replace the living world and detach it from the finiteness of the body, it will eventually only lead to negative consequences such as the degradation of the subject's ability to act, the weakening of the ability to communicate, and the marginalization of the body and life experience.

     

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