Abstract: With the methods of literature review, expert interviews and physical practice, it has been found that the current debate in the academia on the attack and defence in traditional Chinese martial arts is demonstrated in four aspects: whether intrinsic violence can characterize the attack and defence of traditional martial arts? whether deadly moves are crucial for martial arts training? Which is the root, practice or cultural theory research? Whether the essence and value of traditional martial arts changes with historical development? The study shows that the intrinsic value of attack and defence in Chinese traditional martial arts is mainly embodied in awakening the body's practical perception to deepen the cognition of martial arts research, recognizing the process of martial arts training to reshape the inner confidence of martial artists, appreciating Chinese cultural thinking to practice traditional philosophical wisdom, and refining the elements of practical combat to promote martial arts "from skill to Taoism". The path to enhance the combat ability of traditional martial arts is proposed as follows: scientific core techniques and theories should be extracted from complexity to simplicity; a complete combat training system should be extracted from scattered to systematic; comfortable and safe combat equipment should be developed from theory to practical use; the adversarial rhythm of enemies should be grasped in the training process from closed to open, etc.