Citation: | SUN Guoping, WANG Han. On the CBA Exclusive Right for Contract Renewal System: Reflections on the "Retention of ZHOU Qi"[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Sport, 2024, 48(6): 1-13. DOI: 10.16099/j.sus.2023.09.06.0004 |
The "Retention of ZHOU Qi" case stems from the CBA exclusive right for contract renewal system, which is preset to encourage clubs to develop players on their own and appropriately liberalize players' transfer. However, with the professionalization of competitive sports in China, the lack of players' interest protection rules reveals not only the legal dilemma in which the system excludes both the competition freedom and occupational choice freedom, but also the value dilemma of the imbalance of the four parties' interests behind the system due to the limited understanding of the specificity of sport in China. CBA exclusive right for contract renewal system originated from the retain system abroad, which had undergone the development and finally achieved the balance of interests in European countries. The newly revised Sports Law of PRC clearly defines the goal of "marketization and professionalization of competitive sports" which establishes the value guidance for the balance of interests. Under this guidance, the construct of a specialized transfer transaction negotiation platform will be established internally to resolve the deadlock, external sports arbitration will be used to promote the transition and improvement of the CBA exclusive right for contract renewal system through individual cases, and thus the future implementation of the free agent transfer system will break down institutional obstacles.
[1] |
因注册违规,中国篮协新疆广汇作出处罚[EB/OL]. [2023-04-10]. https://wap.peopleapp.com/article/7008175/6864866
|
[2] |
尘埃落地!周琦加盟广东宏远[EB/OL]. [2023-09-05]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hH6KHQfd4aqphLTbvCUgQ
|
[3] |
姜申,许天琦. 中国体育法律师视角| 解析CBA劲旅退赛事件[EB/OL]. [2023-04-11]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/o7fJdZfT26Voy3Z9Pfd5iw
|
[4] |
MALCOLM D. The SAGE dictionary of sports studies[M]. Los Angeles:SAGE,2008:216-217
|
[5] |
ANDERSON J. Leading cases in sports law[M]. Hague:T. M. C. Asser Press,2013
|
[6] |
李娟,商光昊. 体教融合背景下CBA选秀可持续发展研究[J]. 河北体育学院学报,2021,35(3):29-35
|
[7] |
JOHNSON J. Restraint of trade law in sport[J]. Sports Law and Governance Journal,2009,1(1):1-13
|
[8] |
DOBSON S,GODDARD J A. The economics of football[M]. 2nd ed. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2011:180
|
[9] |
KATZ P N. A history of free agency in the United States and Great Britain:Who's leading the charge[J]. Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal,1994,15(3):371-420
|
[10] |
ARNEDT R B. European Union law and football nationality restrictions:The economics and politics of the Bosman decision[J]. Emory International Law Review,1998,12:1091-1111
|
[11] |
KOLONKO C. Restraints of trade in sport:An international and South African perspective[D]. Cape Town:University of Western Cape,2006:69-70
|
[12] |
SOBEL L S. Professional sports and the law[M]. New York:Law-Arts Publisher,1977:86-90
|
[13] |
BLACKWELL R B. Baseball's antitrust exemption and the reserve system:Reappraisal of an anachronism[J]. William & Mary Law Review,1971,12(4):859-877
|
[14] |
WILLIS C. The man who built the National Football League:Joe F. Carr[M]. Lanham,Md.:Scarecrow Press,2010:136
|
[15] |
HEALEY D. Sport and the law[M]. New South Wales:UNSW Press,2003
|
[16] |
邹跃培,邱招义. NBA转会制度的演化及启示[J]. 体育文化导刊,2017(6):107-112
|
[17] |
钟秉枢,于立贤,董进霞,等. 我国竞技体育职业化若干问题的研究:兼论深化我国运动项目管理体制改革[J]. 北京体育大学学报,2002,25(2):145-147,169
|
[18] |
邹俊峰,陈家起,高奎亭. CBA联赛(2014—2019)竞争性平衡:趋势与对策[J]. 吉林体育学院学报,2020,36(5):69-77
|
[19] |
林剑. CBA联赛改革推进 2018年选秀再上新台阶[N]. 中国体育报,2018-07-30(4
|
[20] |
贾磊. CBA推多项改制:转会需付培养费 将设立工资帽[EB/OL]. [2023-06-21]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/WM7ClQ0WZEPoDgLeOdx5Hw
|
[21] |
BELOFF M,KERR T,DEMETRIOU M,et al. Sports law[M]. Oxford:Bloomsbury Publishing,2012
|
[22] |
代坤,丁红娜,钟秉枢. 职业体育核心价值论[J]. 首都体育学院学报,2020,32(5):402-406
|
[23] |
赵毅. 拜占庭帝国早期的体育治理[J]. 体育科学,2016,36(6):61-72
|
[24] |
赵忠龙. 比较法视野下的职业运动员法律性质研究:基于体育法、劳动法与反垄断法的协同调整[J]. 人大法律评论,2014(1):298-314
|
[25] |
FORREST D,SIMMONS R. Outcome uncertainty and attendance demand in sport:The case of English soccer[J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society:Series D (the Statistician),2002,51(2):229-241
|
[26] |
NEALE W C. The peculiar economics of professional sports:A contribution to the theory of the firm in sporting competition and in market competition[J]. The Quarterly Journal of Economics,1964,78(1):1-14 doi: 10.2307/1880543
|
[27] |
RASCHER D A,SOLMES J P G. Do fans want close contests? A test of the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis in the National Basketball Association[J]. SSRN Electronic Journal,2007:130-141
|
[28] |
姜熙. 职业体育联盟运动员流动限制的反垄断思考[J]. 体育科学,2012,32(7):58-70
|
[29] |
HALGREEN L. European sports law:A comparative analysis of the European and American models of sport[M]. København:Forlaget Thomson/GadJura,2004:85
|
[30] |
朱文英. 职业足球运动员转会的法律适用[J]. 体育科学,2014,34(1):41-47
|
[31] |
孙国平. 论职业球员与俱乐部法律关系中的劳动权益争议问题 :广州恒大俱乐部开除于汉超事件引发的思考[J]. 河南财经政法大学学报,2022,37(6):45-58
|
[32] |
董金鑫. 论职业足球劳动合同中的法律适用冲突[J]. 天津体育学院学报,2020,35(6):722-728
|
[33] |
谢增毅. 我国劳动关系法律调整模式的转变[J]. 中国社会科学,2017(2):123-143,208
|
[34] |
SPECTOR H. Philosophical foundations of labor law[J]. Florida State University Law Review,2006,33(4):1119-1148
|
[35] |
于鸿贤. 类型化界分下职业体育用工的法律关系认定[J]. 体育科学,2021,41(10):76-85
|
[36] |
GARY J. The demise of sport? The effect of judicially mandated free agency on European football and American baseball[J]. Cornell International Law Journal,2005,38(1):293-325
|
[37] |
张文显. 法理学[M]. 北京:法律出版社,2018:115
|
[38] |
周青山. 论体育法的行业法属性[J]. 武汉体育学院学报,2017,51(11):60-65
|
[39] |
SIEKMANN R C R. Introduction to international and European sports law:Capita Selecta[M]. The Hague:T. M. C. Asser Press,2012
|
[40] |
SIEKMANN R C R. The specificity of sport:Sporting exceptions in EU law[M]//ASSER International Sports Law Series. The Hague:T. M. C. Asser Press,2012:67-96
|
[41] |
韩勇. 体育特殊性、问题导向与中国实践:体育法学的研究进路[J]. 上海体育学院学报,2023,47(1):55-68
|
[42] |
European Commission. The EU and sport:Background and context-accompanying document to the white paper on sport[R]. 2007:104-105
|
[43] |
贾三刚,李翠霞. CBA职业球员转会制度的特征分析[J]. 湖北体育科技,2017,36(11):957-961
|
[44] |
姚明回应新疆男篮退出CBA[EB/OL]. [2023-05-05]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rvezBWxBzCPiLRZzJF2SHA
|
[45] |
SIMMONS B. The book of basketball:The NBA according to the sports guy[M]. New York:Ballantine/ESPN Books,2010:127-141
|
[46] |
DWORKIN J B. Owners versus players:Baseball and collective bargaining[M]. Boston,Mass.:Auburn House Pub. Co.,1981:63
|
[47] |
FLOOD C,CARTER R. The way it is[M]. New York:Trident Press,1971:76
|
[48] |
THORNLEY S. The demise of the reserve clause:The players' path to freedom[J]. The Baseball Research Journal,2006,35:294-316
|
[49] |
DABSCHECK B. Righting a wrong:Dennis Tutty and his struggle against the New South Wales Rugby League[J]. Australian and New Zealand Sports Law Journal,2009(4):145-160
|
[50] |
拉伦茨. 法学方法论[M]. 黄家镇,译. 北京:商务印书馆,2020
|
[51] |
郑敏. 中美职业篮球俱乐部运动员转会制度的差异研究[J]. 西安体育学院学报,2016,33(3):324-326,350
|
[52] |
张丽军,孙有平. 经济逻辑与道德难题:论竞技体育商业化的伦理困境与可能出路[J]. 体育科学,2021,41(7):88-97
|
[53] |
陈华荣. 体育法的基本原则:以体育特殊性为标准[J]. 体育与科学,2011,32(1):5-11
|
[54] |
周青山. 职业体育经纪人法律制度的美国经验与中国前景[J]. 体育成人教育学刊,2020,36(5):1-6
|
[55] |
陈柏峰. 乡村司法[M]. 西安:陕西人民出版社,2012:205
|
[56] |
孔德昕. 热议| 周琦赵睿互换震惊篮坛,谁是这桩交易的真正赢家?[EB/OL]. [2023-09-04]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wcz4eoqZXNNCXWV3lgu4qA
|
[57] |
袁幸. 改革开放以来我国政府治理中的 “特事特办” 制度[J]. 新视野,2018(5):21-26
|
[58] |
古特尔,哈雷尔,陈骏. 不确定性再现:法律预测与法律后测[J]. 法律方法,2023,41(4):75-97
|
[59] |
黄世席. 国际体育争议解决机制研究[M]. 武汉:武汉大学出版社,2007:15
|
[60] |
黄世昌,晏子昂. 中国职业足球运动员纠纷解决机制的现存问题与优化路径[J]. 上海体育学院学报,2022,46(2):14-23
|
[61] |
NAFZIGER J A R. International sports law[M]. Ardsley,N. Y.:Transnational Publishers,2004:45
|
[62] |
NAFZIGER J A R. International sports law as a process for resolving disputes[J]. International and Comparative Law Quarterly,1996,45(1):130-149 doi: 10.1017/S0020589300058681
|
[63] |
NAFZIGER J A R. Dispute resolution in the arena of international sports competition[J]. The American Journal of Comparative Law,2002,50(suppl_1):161-179 doi: 10.1093/ajcl/50.suppl1.161
|
[64] |
郭树理. 国际体育仲裁院体育仲裁制度评述[J]. 体育与科学,2002,23(6):29-31
|
[65] |
黄世昌,晏子昂. 新修订《体育法》背景下中国体育仲裁程序建构路径研究:基于对韩国、日本、土耳其等国体育仲裁程序的考察[J]. 体育与科学,2022,43(5):9-18
|
[66] |
中国体育仲裁委员会在京成立[EB/OL]. [2023-02-11]. https://www.sport.gov.cn/n14366/c25224661/content.html
|
[67] |
朱涛. 论新修订的《中华人民共和国体育法》规定的体育仲裁范围[J]. 体育科学,2022,42(9):3-8
|
[68] |
徐伟康. 论中国体育仲裁制度的内容特色与实施展望[J]. 体育学刊,2023,30(6):24-30
|
[69] |
贾珍荣,王斌. 我国发展球员工会的必要性和基本条件分析[J]. 成都体育学院学报,2010,36(3):42-44
|
[70] |
季孟年. 观察|周琦退出CBA新赛季,争议再度升级该如何收场?[EB/OL]. [2023-06-21]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ggVPfczaQiQsnw1FyRJ6Cw
|
[71] |
EPPS M. Full court press:How collective bargaining weakened the NBA's competitive edge in a globalized sport[J]. Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports Law Journal,2009,16(2):343-373
|
[72] |
毛振明,查萍,洪浩,等. 从 “体教分离” 到 “体教融合” 再到 “体回归教” 的中国逻辑[J]. 体育学研究,2021,35(4):1-8
|
[73] |
ZOLA W K. Transitioning to the NBA:Advocating on behalf of student-athletes for NBA & NCAA rule changes[J]. Harvard Journal of Sports & Entertainment Law,2012,3:158-199
|
[74] |
王建国,杨鹏飞,王郓. NBA自由球员的转会[J]. 武汉体育学院学报,2005,39(4):84-87
|